我國(guó)低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的儲(chǔ)量較多，其可應(yīng)用到發(fā)電機(jī)組中，實(shí)際發(fā)電機(jī)組技術(shù)在運(yùn)用低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣時(shí)，為了提高低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣在發(fā)電機(jī)組中的運(yùn)用效率,提出了安全、穩(wěn)定的要求。低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的利用率非常高,根據(jù)發(fā)電機(jī)組的需求,采用高效的技術(shù)，完善發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行。

　　There are abundant reserves of low concentration coke oven gas in China, which can be applied to power generation units. In actual power generation unit technology, in order to improve the efficiency of using low concentration coke oven gas in power generation units, safety and stability requirements have been put forward. The utilization rate of low concentration coke oven gas is very high. According to the needs of the generator set, efficient technology is adopted to improve the operation of the generator set.

　　1低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)原理

　　Design principle of low concentration coke oven gas generator set

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣是指濃度在30%以內(nèi)的瓦斯燃料,其在發(fā)電機(jī)組中的運(yùn)用,利用電控燃?xì)饣旌掀骷夹g(shù),同時(shí)配合自動(dòng)控制的空燃比,確保低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的實(shí)際濃度能夠適應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行"。低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的機(jī)械原理，主要是設(shè)計(jì)安全的輸送系統(tǒng),保障瓦斯從地下到地面的安全性,為發(fā)電機(jī)組提供低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣燃料，低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣要具有良性循環(huán)的優(yōu)勢(shì),提高發(fā)電機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，2低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的技術(shù)內(nèi)容

　　Low concentration coke oven gas refers to gas fuel with a concentration of less than 30%, which is used in power generation units through the use of electrically controlled gas mixer technology and automatic control of air-fuel ratio to ensure that the actual concentration of low concentration coke oven gas can adapt to the operation of the power generation unit. The mechanical principle of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units is mainly to design a safe transportation system to ensure the safety of gas from underground to ground, providing low concentration coke oven gas fuel for the power generation unit. Low concentration coke oven gas should have the advantage of virtuous cycle, improve the economic benefits of the power generation unit, and the technical content of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units

　　2.1燃?xì)夤┙o

　　2.1 Gas supply

　　發(fā)電機(jī)組中的燃?xì)夤┙o技術(shù),是指把低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣經(jīng)過(guò)處理后,在輸送到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃燒室內(nèi)。燃?xì)夤┙o時(shí),需要根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行工況,靈活調(diào)整燃?xì)夤┙o量,以便滿足發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行需求團(tuán)。在發(fā)電機(jī)組的燃?xì)夤┙o技術(shù)中，低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣到燃燒室的過(guò)程中,涉及到很多重要的設(shè)備,如電磁閥、電動(dòng)蝶閥、球閥、混合器、燃?xì)夤苈返?各項(xiàng)配件的安裝應(yīng)用直接關(guān)系到燃?xì)夤┙o的效率。針對(duì)燃?xì)夤┙o技術(shù),提出幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng):第一,低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組中,閥門(mén)的安裝要遵循氣流箭頭的指示,不能有反接的情況;第二，清潔燃?xì)夤┙o的管道內(nèi)壁,不能有雜物干擾;第三,燃?xì)夤┙o管路及設(shè)備安裝后，全面檢查系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)輸效果,預(yù)防滲漏,保護(hù)發(fā)電機(jī)組的燃?xì)夤┙o部分。

　　The gas supply technology in the generator set refers to the treatment of low concentration coke oven gas and its transportation to the combustion chamber of the engine. When supplying gas, it is necessary to flexibly adjust the gas supply amount according to the operating conditions of the engine in order to meet the operational needs of the generator set. In the gas supply technology of generator sets, the process of low concentration coke oven gas to the combustion chamber involves many important equipment, such as solenoid valves, electric butterfly valves, ball valves, mixers, gas pipelines, etc. The installation and application of various accessories directly affect the efficiency of gas supply. Regarding gas supply technology, several precautions are proposed: firstly, in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets, the installation of valves should follow the indication of the airflow arrow and there should be no reverse connection; Secondly, clean the inner wall of the gas supply pipeline and ensure that there are no impurities interfering with it; Thirdly, after the installation of gas supply pipelines and equipment, a comprehensive inspection of the transportation efficiency of the system should be conducted to prevent leakage and protect the gas supply part of the generator set.

　　2.2 潤(rùn)滑技術(shù)

　　2.2 Lubrication Technology

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的潤(rùn)滑技術(shù)。提高了機(jī)組運(yùn)行的水平。潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)中，潤(rùn)滑結(jié)構(gòu)占有重要比重,根據(jù)發(fā)電機(jī)組的特征,低濃機(jī)采用潤(rùn)滑型式為片力、飛濺復(fù)合式潤(rùn)滑,該系統(tǒng)主要由機(jī)油泵、預(yù)供油泵、機(jī)油濾清器、離心濾清器、各種調(diào)節(jié)閥類和潤(rùn)滑管路等部件組成。利用氣配備的外置機(jī)油泵將潤(rùn)滑油送至主油道,然后至齒輪系、曲軸軸承、凸輪軸軸承、搖臂軸等處,使機(jī)組各部位均得到充分的潤(rùn)滑，在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中要隨時(shí)檢測(cè)機(jī)組運(yùn)行油壓以保證機(jī)組安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。

　　Lubrication technology for low concentration coke oven gas generator set. Improved the level of unit operation. In the lubrication system, the lubrication structure occupies an important proportion. According to the characteristics of the generator set, the low concentration machine adopts a lubrication type of sheet force and splash composite lubrication. The system is mainly composed of oil pump, pre supply oil pump, oil filter, centrifugal filter, various regulating valves and lubrication pipelines. The external oil pump equipped with gas is used to send lubricating oil to the main oil passage, and then to the gear system, crankshaft bearings, camshaft bearings, rocker arm shafts, etc., so that all parts of the unit are fully lubricated. During operation, the operating oil pressure of the unit should be monitored at all times to ensure safe and stable operation of the unit.

　　2.3冷卻技術(shù)

　　2.3 Cooling Technology

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行時(shí)，采用了循環(huán)冷卻系統(tǒng),通過(guò)開(kāi)式的方法,循環(huán)高溫和低溫條件,達(dá)到冷卻發(fā)電機(jī)組的目的國(guó)。例舉發(fā)電機(jī)組冷卻系統(tǒng)中的技術(shù),如:高溫循環(huán)冷卻技術(shù)。發(fā)電機(jī)組的右側(cè)水道,承接高溫冷卻裝置中的水,利用齒輪系結(jié)構(gòu)帶動(dòng)水泵運(yùn)輸?shù)阶髠?cè)水道中，再排人到發(fā)電機(jī)組的機(jī)體中,此時(shí)冷卻水會(huì)流經(jīng)氣缸外部,由串水管排到氣缸蓋的水腔中,完成了高溫循環(huán)冷卻水的循環(huán)過(guò)程:低溫循環(huán)冷卻技術(shù)。從低溫水泵到冷卻裝置,屬于開(kāi)式循環(huán)的過(guò)程。低溫冷卻技術(shù)具有靈活性的特征,用戶可根據(jù)發(fā)電機(jī)組的實(shí)際情況，調(diào)整低溫循環(huán)冷卻操作,提高冷卻效率。

　　During the operation of the low concentration coke oven gas generator unit, a circulating cooling system is used to circulate high and low temperature conditions through an open method, achieving the goal of cooling the generator unit. Provide examples of technologies used in the cooling system of generator sets, such as high-temperature circulating cooling technology. The right water channel of the generator set receives water from the high-temperature cooling device, and uses a gear train structure to drive the water pump to transport it to the left water channel, and then discharges it into the body of the generator set. At this time, the cooling water will flow outside the cylinder and be discharged into the water chamber of the cylinder head through the water pipe, completing the circulation process of high-temperature circulating cooling water: low-temperature circulating cooling technology. The process from the low-temperature water pump to the cooling device belongs to an open cycle. Low temperature cooling technology has the characteristic of flexibility, and users can adjust the low-temperature circulation cooling operation according to the actual situation of the generator set to improve cooling efficiency.

　　2.4起動(dòng)技術(shù)

　　2.4 Starting Technology

　　起動(dòng)技術(shù)在低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組中主要采用了電動(dòng)馬達(dá)起動(dòng)系統(tǒng),專門(mén)配置啟動(dòng)柜轉(zhuǎn)換直流電.提供起動(dòng)的能源,安裝了電動(dòng)馬達(dá)、蓄電池、起動(dòng)繼電器、開(kāi)關(guān)等設(shè)備,完善發(fā)電機(jī)組的起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的起動(dòng)技術(shù)上，注意電動(dòng)馬達(dá)的維護(hù)及養(yǎng)護(hù)。起動(dòng)時(shí),連續(xù)時(shí)間最好不要超過(guò)5s,且.空載狀態(tài)下禁止運(yùn)行電動(dòng)馬達(dá)，定期檢查電動(dòng)馬達(dá)及周圍系統(tǒng)的接線情況,做好清潔工作,維護(hù)起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行性能。發(fā)電機(jī)組起動(dòng)前,檢查電源的供電情況電壓不低于22V。發(fā)電機(jī)組在運(yùn)行期間,注意起動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)的保護(hù)，禁止打開(kāi)，防止發(fā)生誤動(dòng)的危險(xiǎn)情況,全面保護(hù)起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行。

　　The starting technology in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets mainly adopts an electric motor starting system, which is specially equipped with a starting cabinet to convert DC power Providing starting energy, installing electric motors, batteries, starting relays, switches, and other equipment to improve the starting system of the generator set. In terms of starting technology for low concentration coke oven gas generator units, attention should be paid to the maintenance and upkeep of the electric motor. When starting, it is best not to exceed a continuous time of 5 seconds, and Do not operate the electric motor under no-load conditions. Regularly check the wiring of the electric motor and surrounding systems, perform cleaning work, and maintain the operational performance of the starting system. Before starting the generator set, check the power supply status and ensure that the voltage is not lower than 22V. During the operation of the generator set, pay attention to the protection of the starting switch and prohibit it from being turned on to prevent dangerous situations of misoperation and fully protect the operation of the starting system.

　　2.5 點(diǎn)火技術(shù)

　　2.5 Ignition Technology

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的點(diǎn)火操作原理是:發(fā)電機(jī)組上安裝的霍爾傳感器，獲取對(duì)應(yīng)定時(shí)盤(pán)上磁釘?shù)男盘?hào)，根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)點(diǎn)火的順序，驅(qū)動(dòng)點(diǎn)火器運(yùn)行,順著低壓線、點(diǎn)火線圈、高壓線,把點(diǎn)火信號(hào)傳送到火花塞處,在氣缸內(nèi)完成點(diǎn)火。其中,應(yīng)控制好點(diǎn)火控制器、信號(hào)傳感器,提高點(diǎn)火信息的傳輸效率連接點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)中的低壓線時(shí)應(yīng)注意區(qū)分顏色，對(duì)照領(lǐng)色連接好點(diǎn)火線圈,擰緊連接線的螺母,低壓輸出線的電壓范圍,控制在24V上下。高壓線方面,應(yīng)注意在點(diǎn)火期間,禁止隨意拔插高壓線。發(fā)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行一段時(shí)間后，要檢查點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)中的火花塞并拆卸火花塞進(jìn)行檢查,及時(shí)更換老化、破損的火花塞。

　　The ignition operation principle of the low concentration coke oven gas generator set is: the Hall sensor installed on the generator set obtains the signal of the magnetic pin on the corresponding timing plate, drives the igniter to run according to the ignition sequence of the engine, and transmits the ignition signal to the spark plug along the low voltage line, ignition coil, and high voltage line, completing the ignition in the cylinder. Among them, the ignition controller and signal sensor should be well controlled to improve the transmission efficiency of ignition information. When connecting the low-voltage wires in the ignition system, attention should be paid to distinguishing colors, connecting the ignition coil according to the color, tightening the nut of the connecting wire, and controlling the voltage range of the low-voltage output wire to around 24V. In terms of high-voltage wires, it should be noted that during ignition, it is forbidden to randomly plug and unplug high-voltage wires. After the generator set has been running for a period of time, it is necessary to check the spark plugs in the ignition system and remove them for inspection. Aging or damaged spark plugs should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　2.6控制技術(shù)

　　2.6 Control Technology

　　發(fā)電機(jī)組的控制,是指在低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣使用前,對(duì)整個(gè)發(fā)電機(jī)組進(jìn)行調(diào)試操作。低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行期間,不能隨意調(diào)整各項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)及結(jié)構(gòu),所以只能在運(yùn)行前,實(shí)行有效的調(diào)試控制,降低運(yùn)行故障的發(fā)生機(jī)率,同時(shí)提高發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行精度。例如:專門(mén)設(shè)置了安全保護(hù).當(dāng)發(fā)電機(jī)組有超速情況時(shí),整體停機(jī).以此來(lái)保護(hù)發(fā)電機(jī)組.發(fā)電機(jī)組在允許的安全范圍中啟動(dòng)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的故障信息直接傳輸?shù)娇刂浦行?且對(duì)于發(fā)電機(jī)組的內(nèi)部故障,以代碼閃爍的方式提醒,起到預(yù)警作用

　　The control of the generator set refers to the debugging operation of the entire generator set before the use of low concentration coke oven gas. During the operation of low concentration coke oven gas generator units, various systems and structures cannot be adjusted arbitrarily. Therefore, effective debugging and control can only be implemented before operation to reduce the probability of operational failures and improve the operational accuracy of the generator units. For example, security protection has been specifically set up When the generator set experiences overspeed, it will shut down as a whole To protect the generator set The generator set is started within the allowable safety range, and the on-site fault information is directly transmitted to the control center. For internal faults of the generator set, a flashing code is used to remind and play a warning role

　　3低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的有效運(yùn)用

　　Effective application of 3 low concentration coke oven gas generator sets

　　低濃度性層發(fā)由機(jī)組的運(yùn)用，重占體現(xiàn)在發(fā)由設(shè)備和發(fā)電工藝兩個(gè)方面,結(jié)合發(fā)電機(jī)組的案例,做如下分析。

　　The application of low concentration layer power generation units is reflected in two aspects: power generation equipment and power generation technology. Based on the case of power generation units, the following analysis is made.

　　3.1發(fā)電設(shè)備的配套原則

　　3.1 Supporting principles for power generation equipment

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣燃料對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)組的設(shè)備有明確的要求,從燃料發(fā)電的穩(wěn)定性和安全性角度出發(fā),提出配套的要求，也就是發(fā)電機(jī)組的發(fā)電設(shè)備要遵循配套的原則，積極提升發(fā)電機(jī)組中低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣燃料的壓力。發(fā)電設(shè)備使用期間,注意防爆防火的安全措施,例如:低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組中的內(nèi)燃?xì)獾娜紵秊槊芊獾娜紵^(guò)程。此項(xiàng)設(shè)備可以根據(jù)低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的產(chǎn)量,設(shè)置運(yùn)行方式,在不同的發(fā)電煤礦中,均能滿足發(fā)電機(jī)組的需求。

　　Low concentration coke oven gas fuel has clear requirements for the equipment of the generator set. From the perspective of stability and safety of fuel power generation, matching requirements are proposed, which means that the power generation equipment of the generator set should follow the principle of matching and actively improve the pressure of low concentration coke oven gas fuel in the generator set. During the use of power generation equipment, pay attention to safety measures for explosion and fire prevention, such as the sealed combustion process of internal gas in low concentration coke oven gas generator sets. This equipment can set its operation mode according to the production of low concentration coke oven gas, and can meet the needs of power generation units in different coal mines.

　　3.2發(fā)電工藝

　　3.2 Power generation process

　　焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組發(fā)電機(jī)組工藝中，比較常見(jiàn)的有燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電、燃?xì)馄啓C(jī)發(fā)電與燃?xì)忮仩t帶蒸汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電?，F(xiàn)階段,燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電的運(yùn)用逐漸廣泛,在低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的抽取過(guò)程中,濃度變化明顯，濃度會(huì)引起發(fā)電波動(dòng)的問(wèn)題,采用燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī).可保障低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的燃燒效率，有效的提高了發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)用效率,即使焦?fàn)t煤氣濃度波動(dòng),也能維持較高的燃燒效率,表明燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)的節(jié)能及環(huán)保特征。4結(jié)語(yǔ)

　　In the process of coke oven gas generator set, the more common ones are gas internal combustion engine power generation, gas turbine power generation, and gas boiler with steam turbine power generation. At present, the use of gas internal combustion engines for power generation is gradually becoming widespread. In the extraction process of low concentration coke oven gas, the concentration changes significantly, which can cause fluctuations in power generation. Therefore, gas internal combustion engines are adopted It can ensure the combustion efficiency of low concentration coke oven gas and effectively improve the operating efficiency of the generator set. Even if the concentration of coke oven gas fluctuates, it can maintain a high combustion efficiency, indicating the energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics of gas internal combustion engines. 4 Conclusion

　　低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組的市場(chǎng)占有率逐漸提高,由于此類發(fā)電機(jī)組的機(jī)械性能強(qiáng),所以應(yīng)積極推進(jìn)低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的使用,改善發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行,維護(hù)發(fā)電機(jī)組的安全與穩(wěn)定，全面體現(xiàn)出低濃度焦?fàn)t煤氣的高效作用。

　　The market share of low concentration coke oven gas power generation units is gradually increasing. Due to the strong mechanical performance of such power generation units, the use of low concentration coke oven gas should be actively promoted to improve the operation of power generation units, maintain their safety and stability, and fully reflect the efficient role of low concentration coke oven gas.

　　本文由   焦?fàn)t煤氣發(fā)電機(jī)組  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://m.qmtg666.com/   真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

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